There are a multitude of reasons why your dog will bark, not all of them acceptable.
It has been bred into the dog to protect us, think about it we have had domesticated dogs for thousands of years, their main purpose was to aid in hunting and to be a guard while we slept.
So your dog making a noise is totally natural to him, how do we stop him barking when we do not want him to, it is simple really, it just takes a bit of time and patience.
You can yell and bawl as much as you want, you are the pack leader, so all the while you are shouting at the dog to be quiet he thinks you are barking back at him so he thinks it is ok for him to carry on.
The solution think like a dog.
1. Do not shout at him if you study puppy behaviour the first thing you will notice is, if pup is whining and making a row his mother will place her mouth over the puppies not hurting or biting him just covering his mouth, this is a signal for the pup to be still and quiet.
2. If they happened to be in the wild the mother may want her young to be silent, she may realise there is a predator around, so why give your position away through a noisy pup.
3. The puppy learns this lesson extremely quickly in the wild, if he had not shut up he would have ended up as some ones dinner.
As you see yelling commands at your dog is not going to work, when he is creating a row try to calm him hold him by his collar, put your hand over his mouth and firmly but not noisily tell him to stop.
If he does reward him, if he does not obey you at this stage do it again, remember they are very intelligent animals they do not need to be forced.
Be consistent use the same word all of the time do not tell him stop, one time then pack it in or shut up, why not use the word quiet this is a nice (quiet word sorry about that) but whatever word you are going to use to silence the dog make sure you do not change it.
It is all about association, eventually the dog will know this one word is to shut him up.
But you have to think logically or as I have already stated like a dog, you do not want to silence him completely, it would be a shame if you came in from work and the dog did not greet you with a few barks and friendly growls, after all he is part of the family.
All I need to learn myself, is how to shut kids up I have tried gagging them but the wife and neighbours complained. (only joking folks).